A numerical and experimental investigation into the anomalous slight NOx increase when burning biodiesel; A new (old) theory

G. Ban-Weiss; R. Gupta; J. Y. Chen; R. Dibble

A numerical and experimental investigation into the anomalous slight NO_x increase when burning biodiesel; A new (old) theory

G. Ban-Weiss, R. Gupta, J. Y. Chen, R. Dibble

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

Diesel engines are widely used in the transportation and power generation sectors because of their high fuel efficiency. However, they are responsible for a significant portion of atmospheric oxides of nitrogen and particulate matter, and most run on petroleum derived No. 2 diesel fuel, which is steadily increasing in price. Biodiesel is a notable alternative to diesel fuel because it comes from natural sources, it is essentially carbon dioxide neutral, and it lowers an engine's emission of most pollutants as compared to No. 2 diesel. However, the use of biodiesel often slightly increases a diesel engine's emission of nitrogen oxides (NO_x). In this paper, previously proposed theories for this slight NO_x increase are reviewed, including theories based on biodiesel's cetane number, which leads to differing amounts of charge preheating, and theories based on the fuel's bulk modulus, which affects injection timing. This paper proposes a new theory explaining this NO_x increase; the increase in double bonds in biodiesel, compared to No. 2 diesel, increases its flame temperature, which in turn increases NO_x. Numerical simulations found that NO_x was predominantly due to the Zeldovich mechanism.

Original language	English (US)
Title of host publication	Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2005, WSS/CI 2005 Fall Meeting
Publisher	Western States Section/Combustion Institute
Pages	1309-1356
Number of pages	48
ISBN (Electronic)	9781617827921
State	Published - 2005
Externally published	Yes
Event	Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2005, WSS/CI 2005 - Stanford, United States Duration: Oct 17 2005 → Oct 18 2005

Publication series

Name	Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2005, WSS/CI 2005 Fall Meeting
Volume	2

Other

Other	Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2005, WSS/CI 2005
Country/Territory	United States
City	Stanford
Period	10/17/05 → 10/18/05

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Chemical Engineering
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Mechanical Engineering

Cite this

Ban-Weiss, G., Gupta, R., Chen, J. Y., & Dibble, R. (2005). A numerical and experimental investigation into the anomalous slight NO_x increase when burning biodiesel; A new (old) theory. In Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2005, WSS/CI 2005 Fall Meeting (pp. 1309-1356). (Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2005, WSS/CI 2005 Fall Meeting; Vol. 2). Western States Section/Combustion Institute.

Ban-Weiss, G. ; Gupta, R. ; Chen, J. Y. et al. / A numerical and experimental investigation into the anomalous slight NO_x increase when burning biodiesel; A new (old) theory. Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2005, WSS/CI 2005 Fall Meeting. Western States Section/Combustion Institute, 2005. pp. 1309-1356 (Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2005, WSS/CI 2005 Fall Meeting).

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title = "A numerical and experimental investigation into the anomalous slight NOx increase when burning biodiesel; A new (old) theory",

abstract = "Diesel engines are widely used in the transportation and power generation sectors because of their high fuel efficiency. However, they are responsible for a significant portion of atmospheric oxides of nitrogen and particulate matter, and most run on petroleum derived No. 2 diesel fuel, which is steadily increasing in price. Biodiesel is a notable alternative to diesel fuel because it comes from natural sources, it is essentially carbon dioxide neutral, and it lowers an engine's emission of most pollutants as compared to No. 2 diesel. However, the use of biodiesel often slightly increases a diesel engine's emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx). In this paper, previously proposed theories for this slight NOx increase are reviewed, including theories based on biodiesel's cetane number, which leads to differing amounts of charge preheating, and theories based on the fuel's bulk modulus, which affects injection timing. This paper proposes a new theory explaining this NOx increase; the increase in double bonds in biodiesel, compared to No. 2 diesel, increases its flame temperature, which in turn increases NOx. Numerical simulations found that NOx was predominantly due to the Zeldovich mechanism.",

author = "G. Ban-Weiss and R. Gupta and Chen, {J. Y.} and R. Dibble",

year = "2005",

language = "English (US)",

series = "Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2005, WSS/CI 2005 Fall Meeting",

publisher = "Western States Section/Combustion Institute",

pages = "1309--1356",

booktitle = "Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2005, WSS/CI 2005 Fall Meeting",

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Ban-Weiss, G, Gupta, R, Chen, JY & Dibble, R 2005, A numerical and experimental investigation into the anomalous slight NO_x increase when burning biodiesel; A new (old) theory. in Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2005, WSS/CI 2005 Fall Meeting. Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2005, WSS/CI 2005 Fall Meeting, vol. 2, Western States Section/Combustion Institute, pp. 1309-1356, Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2005, WSS/CI 2005, Stanford, United States, 10/17/05.

A numerical and experimental investigation into the anomalous slight NO_x increase when burning biodiesel; A new (old) theory. / Ban-Weiss, G.; Gupta, R.; Chen, J. Y. et al.
Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2005, WSS/CI 2005 Fall Meeting. Western States Section/Combustion Institute, 2005. p. 1309-1356 (Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2005, WSS/CI 2005 Fall Meeting; Vol. 2).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

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N2 - Diesel engines are widely used in the transportation and power generation sectors because of their high fuel efficiency. However, they are responsible for a significant portion of atmospheric oxides of nitrogen and particulate matter, and most run on petroleum derived No. 2 diesel fuel, which is steadily increasing in price. Biodiesel is a notable alternative to diesel fuel because it comes from natural sources, it is essentially carbon dioxide neutral, and it lowers an engine's emission of most pollutants as compared to No. 2 diesel. However, the use of biodiesel often slightly increases a diesel engine's emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx). In this paper, previously proposed theories for this slight NOx increase are reviewed, including theories based on biodiesel's cetane number, which leads to differing amounts of charge preheating, and theories based on the fuel's bulk modulus, which affects injection timing. This paper proposes a new theory explaining this NOx increase; the increase in double bonds in biodiesel, compared to No. 2 diesel, increases its flame temperature, which in turn increases NOx. Numerical simulations found that NOx was predominantly due to the Zeldovich mechanism.

AB - Diesel engines are widely used in the transportation and power generation sectors because of their high fuel efficiency. However, they are responsible for a significant portion of atmospheric oxides of nitrogen and particulate matter, and most run on petroleum derived No. 2 diesel fuel, which is steadily increasing in price. Biodiesel is a notable alternative to diesel fuel because it comes from natural sources, it is essentially carbon dioxide neutral, and it lowers an engine's emission of most pollutants as compared to No. 2 diesel. However, the use of biodiesel often slightly increases a diesel engine's emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx). In this paper, previously proposed theories for this slight NOx increase are reviewed, including theories based on biodiesel's cetane number, which leads to differing amounts of charge preheating, and theories based on the fuel's bulk modulus, which affects injection timing. This paper proposes a new theory explaining this NOx increase; the increase in double bonds in biodiesel, compared to No. 2 diesel, increases its flame temperature, which in turn increases NOx. Numerical simulations found that NOx was predominantly due to the Zeldovich mechanism.

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BT - Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2005, WSS/CI 2005 Fall Meeting

PB - Western States Section/Combustion Institute

T2 - Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2005, WSS/CI 2005

Y2 - 17 October 2005 through 18 October 2005

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Ban-Weiss G, Gupta R, Chen JY, Dibble R. A numerical and experimental investigation into the anomalous slight NO_x increase when burning biodiesel; A new (old) theory. In Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2005, WSS/CI 2005 Fall Meeting. Western States Section/Combustion Institute. 2005. p. 1309-1356. (Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2005, WSS/CI 2005 Fall Meeting).