TY - JOUR
T1 - An LC-MS profiling method reveals a route for apocarotene glycosylation and shows its induction by high light stress in Arabidopsis
AU - Mi, Jianing
AU - Jia, Kunpeng
AU - Balakrishna, Aparna
AU - Wang, Jian You
AU - Al-Babili, Salim
N1 - KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2020-10-01
Acknowledged KAUST grant number(s): CRG2017
Acknowledgements: This work was supported by base line funding and a Competitive Research Grant (CRG2017) given to Salim Al-Babili from the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST).
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Apocarotenoid glycosylation serves as a valve regulating carotenoid homeostasis in plants and may contribute to their response to photo-oxidative stress. However, an analytical method that allows comprehensive and sensitive profiling of glycosylated apocarotenoids (GAPOs) is still missing. We developed an efficient ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HR-MS) method to analyze 25 GAPOs present in carotenoid-accumulating E. coli cells and plant tissues. Optimized HR-heated-electrospray ionization (HESI)-MS parameters enabled, based on HR MS and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) data, the identification of yet undescribed GAPOs from Arabidopsis, which include Glc-apo-11-carotenal (GAPO11), Glc-apo-13-carotenone (GAPO13), and their isomers. The identity of these compounds was confirmed by the transformation of deuterium-labelled non-hydroxylated carotene cleavage products into the corresponding GAPOs in planta. Quantitative analysis of GAPOs in Arabidopsis showed that the levels of Glc-cyclocitral (GAPO7), Glc-cyclocitral isomer I (GAPO7I), Glc-ionone (GAPO9), Glc-ionone isomer I (GAPO9I), Glc-apo-11-carotenal isomer I (GAPO11I), Glc-apo-13-carotenone (GAPO13), and Glc-apo-13-carotenone isomers (GAPO13I, GAPO13II, and GAPO13III) significantly increase after high light (HL) treatment. This treatment also led to an obvious increase in the levels of most carotene- and all xanthophyll-derived apocarotenoids detected in our system. Our work demonstrates for the first time that HL stress induces apocarotenoid glycosylation in Arabidopsis and unravels a novel plant metabolic pathway that leads from carotene cleavage products to GAPOs that are identical to xanthophyll derived GAPOs. Thus, our new approach allows sensitive and reliable profiling of GAPOs, which is crucial for understanding the function of apocarotenoid glycosylation in plants and its role in the acclimation to HL stress.
AB - Apocarotenoid glycosylation serves as a valve regulating carotenoid homeostasis in plants and may contribute to their response to photo-oxidative stress. However, an analytical method that allows comprehensive and sensitive profiling of glycosylated apocarotenoids (GAPOs) is still missing. We developed an efficient ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HR-MS) method to analyze 25 GAPOs present in carotenoid-accumulating E. coli cells and plant tissues. Optimized HR-heated-electrospray ionization (HESI)-MS parameters enabled, based on HR MS and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) data, the identification of yet undescribed GAPOs from Arabidopsis, which include Glc-apo-11-carotenal (GAPO11), Glc-apo-13-carotenone (GAPO13), and their isomers. The identity of these compounds was confirmed by the transformation of deuterium-labelled non-hydroxylated carotene cleavage products into the corresponding GAPOs in planta. Quantitative analysis of GAPOs in Arabidopsis showed that the levels of Glc-cyclocitral (GAPO7), Glc-cyclocitral isomer I (GAPO7I), Glc-ionone (GAPO9), Glc-ionone isomer I (GAPO9I), Glc-apo-11-carotenal isomer I (GAPO11I), Glc-apo-13-carotenone (GAPO13), and Glc-apo-13-carotenone isomers (GAPO13I, GAPO13II, and GAPO13III) significantly increase after high light (HL) treatment. This treatment also led to an obvious increase in the levels of most carotene- and all xanthophyll-derived apocarotenoids detected in our system. Our work demonstrates for the first time that HL stress induces apocarotenoid glycosylation in Arabidopsis and unravels a novel plant metabolic pathway that leads from carotene cleavage products to GAPOs that are identical to xanthophyll derived GAPOs. Thus, our new approach allows sensitive and reliable profiling of GAPOs, which is crucial for understanding the function of apocarotenoid glycosylation in plants and its role in the acclimation to HL stress.
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10754/630361
UR - https://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2019/AN/C8AN02143K#!divAbstract
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85061275457&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1039/c8an02143k
DO - 10.1039/c8an02143k
M3 - Article
C2 - 30569922
SN - 0003-2654
VL - 144
SP - 1197
EP - 1204
JO - The Analyst
JF - The Analyst
IS - 4
ER -