TY - JOUR
T1 - Applying the functional abnormality ontology pattern to anatomical functions
AU - Hoehndorf, Robert
AU - Ngonga Ngomo, Axel Cyrille
AU - Kelso, Janet
N1 - Funding Information:
We are grateful to Heinrich Herre, Roberto Poli and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on previous versions of this manuscript. We acknowledge funding from the Max Planck Society and the University of Leipzig.
PY - 2010/3/31
Y1 - 2010/3/31
N2 - Background: Several biomedical ontologies cover the domain of biological functions, including molecular and cellular functions. However, there is currently no publicly available ontology of anatomical functions.Consequently, no explicit relation between anatomical structures and their functions is expressed in the anatomy ontologies that are available for various species. Such an explicit relation between anatomical structures and their functions would be useful both for defining the classes of the anatomy and the phenotype ontologies accurately.Results: We provide an ontological analysis of functions and functional abnormalities. From this analysis, we derive an approach to the automatic extraction of anatomical functions from existing ontologies which uses a combination of natural language processing, graph-based analysis of the ontologies and formal inferences. Additionally, we introduce a new relation to link material objects to processes that realize the function of these objects. This relation is introduced to avoid a needless duplication of processes already covered by the Gene Ontology in a new ontology of anatomical functions.Conclusions: Ontological considerations on the nature of functional abnormalities and their representation in current phenotype ontologies show that we can extract a skeleton for an ontology of anatomical functions by using a combination of process, phenotype and anatomy ontologies automatically. We identify several limitations of the current ontologies that still need to be addressed to ensure a consistent and complete representation of anatomical functions and their abnormalities. Availability: The source code and results of our analysis are available at http://bioonto.de.
AB - Background: Several biomedical ontologies cover the domain of biological functions, including molecular and cellular functions. However, there is currently no publicly available ontology of anatomical functions.Consequently, no explicit relation between anatomical structures and their functions is expressed in the anatomy ontologies that are available for various species. Such an explicit relation between anatomical structures and their functions would be useful both for defining the classes of the anatomy and the phenotype ontologies accurately.Results: We provide an ontological analysis of functions and functional abnormalities. From this analysis, we derive an approach to the automatic extraction of anatomical functions from existing ontologies which uses a combination of natural language processing, graph-based analysis of the ontologies and formal inferences. Additionally, we introduce a new relation to link material objects to processes that realize the function of these objects. This relation is introduced to avoid a needless duplication of processes already covered by the Gene Ontology in a new ontology of anatomical functions.Conclusions: Ontological considerations on the nature of functional abnormalities and their representation in current phenotype ontologies show that we can extract a skeleton for an ontology of anatomical functions by using a combination of process, phenotype and anatomy ontologies automatically. We identify several limitations of the current ontologies that still need to be addressed to ensure a consistent and complete representation of anatomical functions and their abnormalities. Availability: The source code and results of our analysis are available at http://bioonto.de.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77957012224&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/2041-1480-1-4
DO - 10.1186/2041-1480-1-4
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:77957012224
SN - 2041-1480
VL - 1
JO - Journal of biomedical semantics
JF - Journal of biomedical semantics
M1 - 4
ER -