TY - JOUR
T1 - Cell Fragment Formation, Migration, and Force Exertion on Extracellular Mimicking Fiber Nanonets
AU - Padhi, Abinash
AU - Danielsson, Brooke E.
AU - Alabduljabbar, Deema S.
AU - Wang, Ji
AU - Conway, Daniel E.
AU - Kapania, Rakesh K.
AU - Nain, Amrinder S.
N1 - KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2022-06-15
Acknowledgements: This work is partially supported by National Science Foundation (1762634) awarded to A.S.N. A.S.N. would also like to acknowledge the Institute of Critical Technologies and Science (ICTAS) and Macromolecules Innovative Institute (MII) at Virginia Tech for their support to conduct this study. D.S.A. is supported by the King Abdullah University for Science and Technology Gifted Student Scholarship program and the Virginia Tech ICTAS-REU program. A.P. and A.S.N. would like to thank the members of STEP Lab for their support and valuable discussions. D.E.C. would like to acknowledge funding from NIH (R35GM119617) and NSF (CMMI-1653299). B.E.D. is supported by an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship.
This publication acknowledges KAUST support, but has no KAUST affiliated authors.
PY - 2021/3/24
Y1 - 2021/3/24
N2 - Cell fragments devoid of the nucleus play an essential role in intercellular communication. Mostly studied on flat 2D substrates, their origins and behavior in native fibrous environments remain unknown. Here, cytoplasmic fragments’ spontaneous formation and behavior in suspended extracellular matrices mimicking fiber architectures (parallel, crosshatch, and hexagonal) are described. After cleaving from the parent cell body, the fragments of diverse shapes on fibers migrate faster compared to 2D. Furthermore, while fragments in 2D are mostly circular, a higher number of rectangular and blob-like shapes are formed on fibers, and, interestingly, each shape is capable of forming protrusive structures. Absent in 2D, fibers’ fragments display oscillatory migratory behavior with dramatic shape changes, sometimes remarkably sustained over long durations (>20 h). Immunostaining reveals paxillin distribution along fragment body-fiber length, while Forster Resonance Energy Transfer imaging of vinculin reveals mechanical loading of fragment adhesions comparable to whole cell adhesions. Using nanonet force microscopy, the forces exerted by fragments are estimated, and peculiarly small area fragments can exert forces similar to larger fragments in a Rho-associated kinase dependent manner. Overall, fragment dynamics on 2D substrates are insufficient to describe the mechanosensitivity of fragments to fibers, and the architecture of fiber networks can generate entirely new behaviors.
AB - Cell fragments devoid of the nucleus play an essential role in intercellular communication. Mostly studied on flat 2D substrates, their origins and behavior in native fibrous environments remain unknown. Here, cytoplasmic fragments’ spontaneous formation and behavior in suspended extracellular matrices mimicking fiber architectures (parallel, crosshatch, and hexagonal) are described. After cleaving from the parent cell body, the fragments of diverse shapes on fibers migrate faster compared to 2D. Furthermore, while fragments in 2D are mostly circular, a higher number of rectangular and blob-like shapes are formed on fibers, and, interestingly, each shape is capable of forming protrusive structures. Absent in 2D, fibers’ fragments display oscillatory migratory behavior with dramatic shape changes, sometimes remarkably sustained over long durations (>20 h). Immunostaining reveals paxillin distribution along fragment body-fiber length, while Forster Resonance Energy Transfer imaging of vinculin reveals mechanical loading of fragment adhesions comparable to whole cell adhesions. Using nanonet force microscopy, the forces exerted by fragments are estimated, and peculiarly small area fragments can exert forces similar to larger fragments in a Rho-associated kinase dependent manner. Overall, fragment dynamics on 2D substrates are insufficient to describe the mechanosensitivity of fragments to fibers, and the architecture of fiber networks can generate entirely new behaviors.
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10754/679034
UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adbi.202000592
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85102930231&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/adbi.202000592
DO - 10.1002/adbi.202000592
M3 - Article
C2 - 33759402
SN - 2701-0198
VL - 5
SP - 2000592
JO - Advanced Biology
JF - Advanced Biology
IS - 6
ER -