Compositional effects on the ignition of FACE gasolines

Mani Sarathy, Goutham Kukkadapu, Marco Mehl, Tamour Javed, Ahfaz Ahmed, Nimal Naser, Aniket Tekawade, Graham Kosiba, Mohammed A. AlAbbad, Eshan Singh, Sungwoo Park, Mariam Al Rashidi, Suk Ho Chung, William L. Roberts, Matthew A. Oehlschlaeger, Chih-Jen Sung, Aamir Farooq

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

182 Scopus citations

Abstract

As regulatory measures for improved fuel economy and decreased emissions are pushing gasoline engine combustion technologies towards extreme conditions (i.e., boosted and intercooled intake with exhaust gas recirculation), fuel ignition characteristics become increasingly important for enabling stable operation. This study explores the effects of chemical composition on the fundamental ignition behavior of gasoline fuels. Two well-characterized, high-octane, non-oxygenated FACE (Fuels for Advanced Combustion Engines) gasolines, FACE F and FACE G, having similar antiknock indices but different octane sensitivities and chemical compositions are studied. Ignition experiments were conducted in shock tubes and a rapid compression machine (RCM) at nominal pressures of 20 and 40. atm, equivalence ratios of 0.5 and 1.0, and temperatures ranging from 650 to 1270. K. Results at temperatures above 900. K indicate that ignition delay time is similar for these fuels. However, RCM measurements below 900. K demonstrate a stronger negative temperature coefficient behavior for FACE F gasoline having lower octane sensitivity. In addition, RCM pressure profiles under two-stage ignition conditions illustrate that the magnitude of low-temperature heat release (LTHR) increases with decreasing fuel octane sensitivity. However, intermediate-temperature heat release is shown to increase as fuel octane sensitivity increases. Various surrogate fuel mixtures were formulated to conduct chemical kinetic modeling, and complex multicomponent surrogate mixtures were shown to reproduce experimentally observed trends better than simpler two- and three-component mixtures composed of n-heptane, iso-octane, and toluene. Measurements in a Cooperative Fuels Research (CFR) engine demonstrated that the multicomponent surrogates accurately captured the antiknock quality of the FACE gasolines. Simulations were performed using multicomponent surrogates for FACE F and G to reveal the underlying chemical kinetics linking fuel composition with ignition characteristics. A key discovery of this work is the kinetic coupling between aromatics and naphthenes, which affects the radical pool population and thereby controls ignition. © 2016 The Combustion Institute.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)171-193
Number of pages23
JournalCombustion and Flame
Volume169
DOIs
StatePublished - May 8 2016

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Compositional effects on the ignition of FACE gasolines'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this