Development, optimization, and characterization of polymeric electrospun nanofiber: a new attempt in sublingual delivery of nicorandil for the management of angina pectoris

The objective of the current investigation was to develop a novel biocomposite polymeric nanofiber for sublingual delivery of nicorandil in an attempt to reduce mucosal ulceration and to improve drug bioavailability. Polymeric nanofibers were achieved using vitamin B12 and a blend of hyaluronic acid and polyvinyl alcohol as polymeric constituents. The electrospinning method was used to prepare drug (nicorandil)-loaded nanofibers. The resulting nanofibers were characterized for morphology, drug loading, XRD, DSC, in vitro drug release, degree of swelling, and pharmacokinetic behavior. The prepared nanofibers were found to be uniform, non-beaded, and non-woven, with fiber diameter ranging from 200–450 nm. In vitro drug release substantiated the controlled release behavior of the developed formulation. Histopathology studies demonstrated no evidence of mucosal ulceration at the site of application. Pharmacokinetic studies established the preclinical safety and showed the maintenance of an effective therapeutic level for a prolonged period. The present investigation gives inputs showing that the biocomposite nanofiber assists as a perfect carrier system for sublingual delivery of anti-anginal drugs.