Enhancing QoS Through Fluid Antenna Systems over Correlated Nakagami-m Fading Channels

Fluid antenna systems (FAS) enable mechanically flexible antennas that offer adaptability and flexibility for modern communication devices. In this work, we present a conceptual model for a single-antenna N-port (SANP) FAS over spatially correlated Nakagami-m fading channels and compare it with the traditional diversity schemes in terms of outage probability. The proposed FAS model switches to the best antenna port and resembles the operation of a selection combining (SC) diversity. FAS improves the quality of service (QoS) of the network through antenna port selection. The advantage of FAS is the ability to fit hundreds of antenna ports into a half-wavelength antenna size at the cost of spatial channel correlation. Simulation results demonstrate the superior outage probability performance of FAS at several tens of antenna ports compared to the traditional diversity schemes such as maximum ratio combining, equal gain combining, and SC. Moreover, the novel probability and cumulative density functions for the land mobile correlated Nakagami-m random variates are evaluated in this paper.