Eutectic freeze crystallization: Application to process streams and waste water purification

F. Van Der Ham; G. J. Witkamp; J. De Graauw; G. M. Van Rosmalen

doi:10.1016/S0255-2701(97)00055-X

Eutectic freeze crystallization: Application to process streams and waste water purification

F. Van Der Ham^*, G. J. Witkamp, J. De Graauw, G. M. Van Rosmalen

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

69 Scopus citations

Abstract

Two case studies are presented using eutectic freeze crystallization (EFC) as an alternative for evaporative crystallization: a 7.8 ton day^-1 35 w% aqueous sodium nitrate and a 24 ton day^-1 12 w% copper sulfate stream. The proposed crystallizer is a cooled disk column crystallizer (CDCC), using indirect cooling for heat transfer. In single stage operation, the formed ice crystals are used to pre-cool the feed stream. A two stage refrigeration unit utilizes the formed ice crystals in the condensation of refrigerant. Expressed as a thermal equivalent energy requirement, EFC requires 1282 kJ kg^-1 NaNO₃ and 1037 kJ kg^-1 CuSO₄·5H₂O. Compared to conventional multi-step evaporation, the energy reductions are 30% for sodium nitrate and 65% for copper sulfate.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	207-213
Number of pages	7
Journal	Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification
Volume	37
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0255-2701(97)00055-X
State	Published - Mar 1998
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Crystallization
Equipment design
Eutectic
Freezing
Waste streams

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Chemistry
General Chemical Engineering
Energy Engineering and Power Technology
Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

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10.1016/S0255-2701(97)00055-X

Cite this

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title = "Eutectic freeze crystallization: Application to process streams and waste water purification",

abstract = "Two case studies are presented using eutectic freeze crystallization (EFC) as an alternative for evaporative crystallization: a 7.8 ton day-1 35 w% aqueous sodium nitrate and a 24 ton day-1 12 w% copper sulfate stream. The proposed crystallizer is a cooled disk column crystallizer (CDCC), using indirect cooling for heat transfer. In single stage operation, the formed ice crystals are used to pre-cool the feed stream. A two stage refrigeration unit utilizes the formed ice crystals in the condensation of refrigerant. Expressed as a thermal equivalent energy requirement, EFC requires 1282 kJ kg-1 NaNO3 and 1037 kJ kg-1 CuSO4·5H2O. Compared to conventional multi-step evaporation, the energy reductions are 30% for sodium nitrate and 65% for copper sulfate.",

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AU - Van Der Ham, F.

AU - Witkamp, G. J.

AU - De Graauw, J.

AU - Van Rosmalen, G. M.

PY - 1998/3

Y1 - 1998/3

N2 - Two case studies are presented using eutectic freeze crystallization (EFC) as an alternative for evaporative crystallization: a 7.8 ton day-1 35 w% aqueous sodium nitrate and a 24 ton day-1 12 w% copper sulfate stream. The proposed crystallizer is a cooled disk column crystallizer (CDCC), using indirect cooling for heat transfer. In single stage operation, the formed ice crystals are used to pre-cool the feed stream. A two stage refrigeration unit utilizes the formed ice crystals in the condensation of refrigerant. Expressed as a thermal equivalent energy requirement, EFC requires 1282 kJ kg-1 NaNO3 and 1037 kJ kg-1 CuSO4·5H2O. Compared to conventional multi-step evaporation, the energy reductions are 30% for sodium nitrate and 65% for copper sulfate.

AB - Two case studies are presented using eutectic freeze crystallization (EFC) as an alternative for evaporative crystallization: a 7.8 ton day-1 35 w% aqueous sodium nitrate and a 24 ton day-1 12 w% copper sulfate stream. The proposed crystallizer is a cooled disk column crystallizer (CDCC), using indirect cooling for heat transfer. In single stage operation, the formed ice crystals are used to pre-cool the feed stream. A two stage refrigeration unit utilizes the formed ice crystals in the condensation of refrigerant. Expressed as a thermal equivalent energy requirement, EFC requires 1282 kJ kg-1 NaNO3 and 1037 kJ kg-1 CuSO4·5H2O. Compared to conventional multi-step evaporation, the energy reductions are 30% for sodium nitrate and 65% for copper sulfate.

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KW - Equipment design

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KW - Waste streams

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Eutectic freeze crystallization: Application to process streams and waste water purification

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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