@article{3c2c89dbc1de4d1bbba8c0a11650c530,
title = "Germline NLRP1 Mutations Cause Skin Inflammatory and Cancer Susceptibility Syndromes via Inflammasome Activation",
abstract = "Inflammasome complexes function as key innate immune effectors that trigger inflammation in response to pathogen- and danger-associated signals. Here, we report that germline mutations in the inflammasome sensor NLRP1 cause two overlapping skin disorders: multiple self-healing palmoplantar carcinoma (MSPC) and familial keratosis lichenoides chronica (FKLC). We find that NLRP1 is the most prominent inflammasome sensor in human skin, and all pathogenic NLRP1 mutations are gain-of-function alleles that predispose to inflammasome activation. Mechanistically, NLRP1 mutations lead to increased self-oligomerization by disrupting the PYD and LRR domains, which are essential in maintaining NLRP1 as an inactive monomer. Primary keratinocytes from patients experience spontaneous inflammasome activation and paracrine IL-1 signaling, which is sufficient to cause skin inflammation and epidermal hyperplasia. Our findings establish a group of non-fever inflammasome disorders, uncover an unexpected auto-inhibitory function for the pyrin domain, and provide the first genetic evidence linking NLRP1 to skin inflammatory syndromes and skin cancer predisposition.",
keywords = "ASC, cancer, gain-of-function, genodermatosis, germline, IL-1, inflammasome, keratinocytes, keratosis lichenoides chronica, MSPC, MSSE, multiple self-healing squamous cell carcinoma, NLRP1, skin inflammation",
author = "Zhong, {Franklin L.} and Ons Mama{\"i} and Lorenzo Sborgi and Lobna Boussofara and Richard Hopkins and Kim Robinson and Ildik{\'o} Szever{\'e}nyi and Takuya Takeichi and Reshmaa Balaji and Aristotle Lau and Hazel Tye and Keya Roy and Carine Bonnard and Ahl, {Patricia J.} and Jones, {Leigh Ann} and Paul Baker and Lukas Lacina and Atsushi Otsuka and Fournie, {Pierre R.} and Fran{\c c}ois Malecaze and Lane, {E. Birgitte} and Masashi Akiyama and Kenji Kabashima and Connolly, {John E.} and Masters, {Seth L.} and Soler, {Vincent J.} and Omar, {Salma Samir} and McGrath, {John A.} and Roxana Nedelcu and Moez Gribaa and Mohamed Denguezli and Ali Saad and Sebastian Hiller and Bruno Reversade",
note = "Funding Information: We would like to thank all patient family members for their participation in this study. We thank J. Common, D. P. Lunny, Y.Z. Ng, F. Schmidt, J.P.Y. Ting, P. Broz, E. Vigano, X. Bao, and P. Khavari for technical advice. We would like to thank Dr. T. Tebeica for his help with examination of patient pathology. O.M. was a PhD student in the University of Monastir in Tunisia and was funded by an A ∗ STAR Research Attachment Program. The authors acknowledge financial support from the Department of Health via the U.K. National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre award to Guy{\textquoteright}s & St Thomas{\textquoteright} NHS Foundation Trust in partnership with King{\textquoteright}s College London and King{\textquoteright}s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, the Great Britain Sasakawa Foundation no. 4314, Strategic Young Researcher Overseas Visits Program for Accelerating Brain Circulation (S2404) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, and the Strategic Positioning Fund on Genetic Orphan Diseases from the Biomedical Research Council, A ∗ STAR, Singapore. B.R. is a fellow of the Branco Weiss Foundation and a recipient of the A ∗ STAR Investigatorship. S.H. and B.R. are EMBO Young Investigators. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 Elsevier Inc.",
year = "2016",
month = sep,
day = "22",
doi = "10.1016/j.cell.2016.09.001",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "167",
pages = "187--202.e17",
journal = "Cell",
issn = "0092-8674",
publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",
number = "1",
}
