Abstract
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Journal | Frontiers in Marine Science |
Volume | 7 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Mar 30 2020 |
Keywords
- coral mortality
- coral reefs
- global warming
- mass bleaching
- Millepora alcicornis
- turbid reefs
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In: Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol. 7, 30.03.2020.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - Heat Waves Are a Major Threat to Turbid Coral Reefs in Brazil
T2 - Frontiers in Marine Science
AU - Duarte, G.A.S.
AU - Villela, H.D.M.
AU - Deocleciano, M.
AU - Silva, D.
AU - Barno, A.
AU - Cardoso, P.M.
AU - Vilela, C.L.S.
AU - Rosado, P.
AU - Messias, C.S.M.A.
AU - Chacon, M.A.
AU - Santoro, E.P.
AU - Olmedo, D.B.
AU - Szpilman, M.
AU - Rocha, L.A.
AU - Sweet, M.
AU - Peixoto, R.S.
N1 - Cited By :13 Export Date: 5 May 2021 Correspondence Address: Peixoto, R.S.; Institute of Microbiology, Brazil; email: [email protected] Funding details: National Council for Higher Education Funding details: Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, CAPES Funding details: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq Funding details: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ Funding text 1: GD, RP, HV, and MS: study conception and design. GD and MD: conducting field work. All authors: analyses and data interpretation and involved in critical revision. HV, RP, and GD: drafting of the manuscript. RP and MS: provided financial support. Funding text 2: We would like to thank Dande Deocleciano, Pinho Deocleciano, and Valdeir Bonfim for their support during field work. Without all the support of the local community of Corumbau, Brazil, this work would not be possible. We would also like thank the Graduate Programs of Science (Microbiology) and Vegetal Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering (PBV)/Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), the National Council for the Improvement of Higher Education (CAPES), and the Rio de Janeiro Marine Aquarium (AquaRio) research center for their support. References: Amaral, F., Steiner, A., Broadhurst, M., Cairns, S., An overview of the shallow-water calcified hydroids from Brazil (Hydrozoa: Cnidaria), Including the description of a new species (2008) Zootaxa, 1930, pp. 56-68; Anthony, K.R.N., Fabricius, K.E., Shifting roles of heterotrophy and autotrophy in coral energetics under varying turbidity (2000) J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol, 252, pp. 221-253. , 10967335; Banha, T.N.S., Capel, K.C.C., Kitahara, M.V., Francini-Filho, R.B., Francini, C.L.B., Sumida, P.Y.G., Low coral mortality during the most intense bleaching event ever recorded in subtropical Southwestern Atlantic reefs (2019) Coral Reefs; Burke, L., Reytar, K., Spalding, M.D., Perry, A., (2011) Reefs at RISK REVISited, , Washington, DC, World Resources Institute; Cacciapaglia, C., van Woesik, R., Reef-coral refugia in a rapidly changing ocean (2015) Glob. Chang. Biol, 21, pp. 2272-2282. , 25646684; Calderon, E.N., Zilberberg, C., Castro, C.B.E., Farming of the fire-coral M illepora alcicornis for reef restoration purposes: the influence of inclination on growth (2015) Aquac. Res, 46, pp. 2034-2036; Coni, E.O.C., Ferreira, C.M., de Moura, R.L., Meirelles, P.M., Kaufman, L., Francini-Filho, R.B., An evaluation of the use of branching fire-corals (Millepora spp.) as refuge by reef fish in the Abrolhos Bank, eastern Brazil (2013) Environ. Biol. 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Geosci, 32, pp. 1259-1269; Le Nohaïc, M., Ross, C.L., Cornwall, C.E., Comeau, S., Lowe, R., McCulloch, M.T., Marine heatwave causes unprecedented regional mass bleaching of thermally resistant corals in northwestern Australia (2017) Sci. Rep, 7 (14999). , 29101362; Leão, Z.M.D.A.N., Kikuchi, R.K.P., Oliveira, M.D.M., Branqueamento de corais nos recifes da Bahia e sua relação com eventos de anomalias térmicas nas águas superficiais do oceano (2008) Biota Neotrop, 8, pp. 069-082; Leão, Z.M.D.A.N., Kikuchi, R.K.P., Testa, V., Corals and coral reefs of Brazil (2003) Latin American Coral Reefs, pp. 9-52. , Cortés J., (ed), Amsterdam, Elsevier; Miranda, R.J., Cruz, I.C.S., Leão, Z., Coral bleaching in the Caramuanas reef (Todos os Santos Bay, Brazil) during the 2010 El Niño event (2013) Lat. Am. Aquat. Res, 41, pp. 351-360; (2004) Instrução Normativa n° 5, de 21 de maio de 2004, , Brasília, Consulex; (2014) Portaria n° 445, de 17 de dezembro de 2014, , Brasília, Consulex; Morgan, K.M., Perry, C.T., Johnson, J.A., Smithers, S.G., Nearshore turbid-zone corals exhibit high bleaching tolerance on the Great Barrier Reef following the 2016 ocean warming event (2017) Front. Mar. Sci, 4 (224); Morgan, K.M., Perry, C.T., Smithers, S.G., Johnson, J.A., Daniell, J.J., Evidence of extensive reef development and high coral cover in nearshore environments: implications for understanding coral adaptation in turbid settings (2016) Sci. Rep, 6 (29616). , 27432782; (2019) A Research Review of Interventions to Increase the Persistence and Resilience of Coral Reefs, , Washington, DC, The National Academies Press; Ogle, D.H., Wheeler, P., Dinno, A., (2019) FSA: Fisheries Stock Analysis. R package version 0.8.25, , https://github.com/droglenc/FSA, (accessed November 25, 2019), Available online at; Oksanen, J., Blanchet, G., Friendly, M., Kindt, R., Legendre, P., McGlinn, D., (2019) Vegan: Community Ecology Package (R Package Version 2.5-5), , https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=vegan, (accessed November 25, 2019), Available online at; Oliveira, M.D.M., Kikuchi, R.K.P., Leão, Z.M.D.A.N., Cultivo de Millepora alcicornis como uma ferramenta para Restauração e Manejo dos Ecossistemas Recifais do (2008) Nord. Brasil, 8, pp. 183-201; Paulay, C., (1997) Life and Death of Coral Reefs, pp. 298-353. , New York, NY, Chapman and Hall; Peixoto, R., Rosado, P.M., Leite, D.C., de, A., Rosado, A.S., Bourne, D.G., Beneficial Microorganisms for Corals (BMC): proposed Mechanisms for Coral Health and Resilience (2017) Front. 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PY - 2020/3/30
Y1 - 2020/3/30
N2 - Coral reefs are threatened by climate change on a global scale with thermal stress events and mass coral bleaching being widely reported. The reefs off the east coast of Brazil (and other turbid areas) have, however, historically escaped such thermal stress events, with relatively low levels of background coral mortality (5–10%). This has recently changed. Here we show that, in 2019, degree heating weeks (DHW) of 19.65 coincided with catastrophic declines in coral cover, especially in the major reef building hydrocoral Millepora alcicornis. The decline was due to bleaching associated with exposure to high temperature stress culminating in DHW values exceeding 15 for a period of 50 days. At two independent sites, surveys showed upwards of 83.5 ± 9.0 and 89.1 ± 3.9% mortality, and a third site showed relatively lower (albeit still high) mortality rates of 43.3 ± 12.0%. The mass die-off in 2019 is unprecedented in the South Atlantic reefs and coincides with increased heating events. © Copyright © 2020 Duarte, Villela, Deocleciano, Silva, Barno, Cardoso, Vilela, Rosado, Messias, Chacon, Santoro, Olmedo, Szpilman, Rocha, Sweet and Peixoto.
AB - Coral reefs are threatened by climate change on a global scale with thermal stress events and mass coral bleaching being widely reported. The reefs off the east coast of Brazil (and other turbid areas) have, however, historically escaped such thermal stress events, with relatively low levels of background coral mortality (5–10%). This has recently changed. Here we show that, in 2019, degree heating weeks (DHW) of 19.65 coincided with catastrophic declines in coral cover, especially in the major reef building hydrocoral Millepora alcicornis. The decline was due to bleaching associated with exposure to high temperature stress culminating in DHW values exceeding 15 for a period of 50 days. At two independent sites, surveys showed upwards of 83.5 ± 9.0 and 89.1 ± 3.9% mortality, and a third site showed relatively lower (albeit still high) mortality rates of 43.3 ± 12.0%. The mass die-off in 2019 is unprecedented in the South Atlantic reefs and coincides with increased heating events. © Copyright © 2020 Duarte, Villela, Deocleciano, Silva, Barno, Cardoso, Vilela, Rosado, Messias, Chacon, Santoro, Olmedo, Szpilman, Rocha, Sweet and Peixoto.
KW - coral mortality
KW - coral reefs
KW - global warming
KW - mass bleaching
KW - Millepora alcicornis
KW - turbid reefs
UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2020.00179/full
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85083489587&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fmars.2020.00179
DO - 10.3389/fmars.2020.00179
M3 - Article
SN - 2296-7745
VL - 7
JO - Frontiers in Marine Science
JF - Frontiers in Marine Science
ER -