Influences of physical and biogeochemical variability of the central Red Sea during winter.

Nikolaos Zarokanellos, Burton Jones

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

8 Scopus citations

Abstract

The central Red Sea (CRS) has been characterized by significant eddy activity throughout the year. Weakened wintertime stratification contributes to enhanced vertical exchange. In winter 2014-2015, an extended glider time series in the CRS captured this variability. Surface cooling and stronger winds resulted in deepening of the mixed layer (ML) to nearly 90 m. The vertical distributions of density and oxygen suggest that the ML did not penetrate into the nutricline. However, mixing events dispersed phytoplankton from the deep CHL maximum (DCM) throughout the ML increasing nearsurface chlorophyll. Following the mixing events a mesoscale cyclonic eddy (CE) grew and intensified causing weakening of stratification and a decrease in the ML depth within the eddy. Where the CE interfaced with an adjacent anticyclonic eddy (AE), the CE DCM subducted beneath the shallower AE DCM leading to a local integrated chlorophyll maximum. Low salinity water containing relative high chlorophyll and CDOM concentrations, originating from the Gulf of Aden, appeared in late winter. Mesoscale eddy activity resulted in an 160 m upward displacement of the nutricline to ∼60 m, well within the euphotic layer. Remote sensing imagery indicates that these eddies contribute to horizontal dispersion, including exchange between the open sea and coastal coral reefs. When the phytoplankton is distributed through the ML, clear diel variability was evident in the temporal CHL distribution. Because not all of the biogeochemical responses were apparent at the surface, sustained glider observations were essential to understand the temporal and spatial scales and their impact on these processes.
Original languageEnglish (US)
JournalJournal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 14 2021

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