Investigation of knock prevention in high efficiency, zero emissions H2-O2-Ar internal combustion

Vi H. Rapp; Nick Killingsworth; Salvador Aceves; J. Y. Chen; Robert Dibble

Investigation of knock prevention in high efficiency, zero emissions H₂-O₂-Ar internal combustion

Vi H. Rapp, Nick Killingsworth, Salvador Aceves, J. Y. Chen, Robert Dibble

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

We have been investigating the concept of running a spark ignited internal combustion engine on hydrogen (H₂), oxygen (O₂), and argon (Ar). Basic engine theory predicts such an engine will see a considerable improvement in engine efficiency (theoretically ≈75%, and in practice ≈50% including heat transfer and friction losses) over standard engines. These gains in thermal efficiency are due to argon's high specific heat ratio (γ= 1.67 compared toγ < 1.4 for air). Experimentally achieving such high efficiencies, however, has been difficult due to engine knock, which occurs at compression ratios as low as 4.5. The engine's spark timing must typically be retarded due to knock. This limitation reduces the maximum efficiency of the engine. In this paper, dual spark ignition is studied to delay the onset of knock in this novel hydrogen engine concept. In an effort to obtain the highest efficiency of this concept, experiments were conducted using a single cylinder CFR engine. Argon concentrations of 84%, 86%, and 88%, by volume, were studied using single and duel spark ignition at stoichiometric fuel-oxygen mixtures with compression ratios between 4.5 and 7.

Original language	English (US)
Title of host publication	Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009 Fall Meeting
Publisher	Western States Section/Combustion Institute
Pages	49-54
Number of pages	6
ISBN (Electronic)	9781615676507
State	Published - 2009
Externally published	Yes
Event	Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009 - Irvine, United States Duration: Oct 26 2009 → Oct 27 2009

Publication series

Name	Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009 Fall Meeting
Volume	1

Other

Other	Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009
Country/Territory	United States
City	Irvine
Period	10/26/09 → 10/27/09

Keywords

Dual spark
Hydrogen
Internal combustion engine
Noble gas

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Chemical Engineering
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Mechanical Engineering

Cite this

Rapp, V. H., Killingsworth, N., Aceves, S., Chen, J. Y., & Dibble, R. (2009). Investigation of knock prevention in high efficiency, zero emissions H₂-O₂-Ar internal combustion. In Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009 Fall Meeting (pp. 49-54). (Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009 Fall Meeting; Vol. 1). Western States Section/Combustion Institute.

Rapp, Vi H. ; Killingsworth, Nick ; Aceves, Salvador et al. / Investigation of knock prevention in high efficiency, zero emissions H₂-O₂-Ar internal combustion. Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009 Fall Meeting. Western States Section/Combustion Institute, 2009. pp. 49-54 (Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009 Fall Meeting).

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title = "Investigation of knock prevention in high efficiency, zero emissions H2-O2-Ar internal combustion",

abstract = "We have been investigating the concept of running a spark ignited internal combustion engine on hydrogen (H2), oxygen (O2), and argon (Ar). Basic engine theory predicts such an engine will see a considerable improvement in engine efficiency (theoretically ≈75%, and in practice ≈50% including heat transfer and friction losses) over standard engines. These gains in thermal efficiency are due to argon's high specific heat ratio (γ= 1.67 compared toγ < 1.4 for air). Experimentally achieving such high efficiencies, however, has been difficult due to engine knock, which occurs at compression ratios as low as 4.5. The engine's spark timing must typically be retarded due to knock. This limitation reduces the maximum efficiency of the engine. In this paper, dual spark ignition is studied to delay the onset of knock in this novel hydrogen engine concept. In an effort to obtain the highest efficiency of this concept, experiments were conducted using a single cylinder CFR engine. Argon concentrations of 84%, 86%, and 88%, by volume, were studied using single and duel spark ignition at stoichiometric fuel-oxygen mixtures with compression ratios between 4.5 and 7.",

keywords = "Dual spark, Hydrogen, Internal combustion engine, Noble gas",

author = "Rapp, {Vi H.} and Nick Killingsworth and Salvador Aceves and Chen, {J. Y.} and Robert Dibble",

year = "2009",

language = "English (US)",

series = "Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009 Fall Meeting",

publisher = "Western States Section/Combustion Institute",

pages = "49--54",

booktitle = "Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009 Fall Meeting",

note = "Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009 ; Conference date: 26-10-2009 Through 27-10-2009",

}

Rapp, VH, Killingsworth, N, Aceves, S, Chen, JY & Dibble, R 2009, Investigation of knock prevention in high efficiency, zero emissions H₂-O₂-Ar internal combustion. in Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009 Fall Meeting. Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009 Fall Meeting, vol. 1, Western States Section/Combustion Institute, pp. 49-54, Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009, Irvine, United States, 10/26/09.

Investigation of knock prevention in high efficiency, zero emissions H₂-O₂-Ar internal combustion. / Rapp, Vi H.; Killingsworth, Nick; Aceves, Salvador et al.
Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009 Fall Meeting. Western States Section/Combustion Institute, 2009. p. 49-54 (Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009 Fall Meeting; Vol. 1).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

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T1 - Investigation of knock prevention in high efficiency, zero emissions H2-O2-Ar internal combustion

AU - Rapp, Vi H.

AU - Killingsworth, Nick

AU - Aceves, Salvador

AU - Chen, J. Y.

AU - Dibble, Robert

PY - 2009

Y1 - 2009

N2 - We have been investigating the concept of running a spark ignited internal combustion engine on hydrogen (H2), oxygen (O2), and argon (Ar). Basic engine theory predicts such an engine will see a considerable improvement in engine efficiency (theoretically ≈75%, and in practice ≈50% including heat transfer and friction losses) over standard engines. These gains in thermal efficiency are due to argon's high specific heat ratio (γ= 1.67 compared toγ < 1.4 for air). Experimentally achieving such high efficiencies, however, has been difficult due to engine knock, which occurs at compression ratios as low as 4.5. The engine's spark timing must typically be retarded due to knock. This limitation reduces the maximum efficiency of the engine. In this paper, dual spark ignition is studied to delay the onset of knock in this novel hydrogen engine concept. In an effort to obtain the highest efficiency of this concept, experiments were conducted using a single cylinder CFR engine. Argon concentrations of 84%, 86%, and 88%, by volume, were studied using single and duel spark ignition at stoichiometric fuel-oxygen mixtures with compression ratios between 4.5 and 7.

AB - We have been investigating the concept of running a spark ignited internal combustion engine on hydrogen (H2), oxygen (O2), and argon (Ar). Basic engine theory predicts such an engine will see a considerable improvement in engine efficiency (theoretically ≈75%, and in practice ≈50% including heat transfer and friction losses) over standard engines. These gains in thermal efficiency are due to argon's high specific heat ratio (γ= 1.67 compared toγ < 1.4 for air). Experimentally achieving such high efficiencies, however, has been difficult due to engine knock, which occurs at compression ratios as low as 4.5. The engine's spark timing must typically be retarded due to knock. This limitation reduces the maximum efficiency of the engine. In this paper, dual spark ignition is studied to delay the onset of knock in this novel hydrogen engine concept. In an effort to obtain the highest efficiency of this concept, experiments were conducted using a single cylinder CFR engine. Argon concentrations of 84%, 86%, and 88%, by volume, were studied using single and duel spark ignition at stoichiometric fuel-oxygen mixtures with compression ratios between 4.5 and 7.

KW - Dual spark

KW - Hydrogen

KW - Internal combustion engine

KW - Noble gas

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M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:84946052093

T3 - Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009 Fall Meeting

SP - 49

EP - 54

BT - Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009 Fall Meeting

PB - Western States Section/Combustion Institute

T2 - Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009

Y2 - 26 October 2009 through 27 October 2009

ER -

Rapp VH, Killingsworth N, Aceves S, Chen JY, Dibble R. Investigation of knock prevention in high efficiency, zero emissions H₂-O₂-Ar internal combustion. In Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009 Fall Meeting. Western States Section/Combustion Institute. 2009. p. 49-54. (Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute 2009, WSS/CI 2009 Fall Meeting).