Mechanistic insights into the cis-trans isomerization of ruthenium complexes relevant to catalysis of olefin metathesis

Albert Poater, Francesco Ragone, Andrea Correa, Anna Szadkowska, Michał Barbasiewicz, Karol Grela, Luigi Cavallo*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

72 Scopus citations

Abstract

The mechanism of the trans to cis isomerization in Ru complexes with a chelating alkylidene group has been investigated by using a combined theoretical and experimental approach. Static DFT calculations suggest that a concerted single-step mechanism is slightly favored over a multistep mechanism, which would require dissociation of one of the ligands from the Ru center. This hypothesis is supported by analysis of the experimental kinetics of isomerization, as followed by 1HNMR spectroscopy. DFT molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the variation of geometrical parameters around the Ru center in the concerted mechanism is highly uncorrelated; the mechanism actually begins with the transformation of the square-pyramidal trans isomer, with the Ruï£CHR bond in the apical position, into a transition state that resembles a metastable square pyramidal complex with a Cl atom in the apical position. This high-energy structure collapses into the cis isomer. Then, the influence of the N-heterocyclic carbene ligand, the halogen, and the chelating alkylidene group on the relative stability of the cis and trans isomers, as well as on the energy barrier separating them, was investigated with static calculations. Finally, we investigated the interconversion between cis and trans isomers of the species involved in the catalytic cycle of olefin metathesis; we characterized an unprecedented square-pyramidal metallacycle with the N-heterocyclic carbene ligand in the apical position. Our analysis, which is relevant to the exchange of equatorial ligands in other square pyramidal complexes, presents evidence for a remarkable flexibility well beyond the simple cis-trans isomerization of these Ru complexes. All change! The mechanism of cis to trans isomerizations in Ru complexes (see figure) relevant to olefin metathesis is investigated with a combined experimental and theoretical approach.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)14354-14364
Number of pages11
JournalChemistry - A European Journal
Volume16
Issue number48
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 27 2010
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • density functional calculations
  • homogeneous catalysis
  • isomerization
  • olefin metathesis
  • ruthenium

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Catalysis
  • Organic Chemistry

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