Morphology of bubble dynamics and sound in heated oil

The interaction between a heated oil bath and water droplets commonly occurs in the kitchen and has important implications for cooking, fire safety, and indoor air pollution. The interplay between the bubble dynamics in a heated oil bath, the generated sound, and the ligament-like expulsion to the surrounding air is examined. We focus on an explosion of a millimeter-sized water droplet in heated oil as a simplified case. We discuss three typical bubble types that can be classified as a function of the stand-off parameter h/ R, where h is the distance between the oil surface and bubble and R is the maximum bubble radius. Our data describe the morphology of bubble dynamics inside a heated oil bath and represent those found in the cooking pan. This paper also highlights potential applications of our findings.