TY - JOUR
T1 - N,N-Di aryl anilinosquaraines and Their Application to Organic Photovoltaics
AU - Wang, Siyi
AU - Hall, Lincoln
AU - Diev, Vyacheslav V.
AU - Haiges, Ralf
AU - Wei, Guodan
AU - Xiao, Xin
AU - Djurovich, Peter I.
AU - Forrest, Stephen R.
AU - Thompson, Mark E.
N1 - KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2020-10-01
Acknowledged KAUST grant number(s): KUS-C1-015-21
Acknowledgements: Funding for this research was provided by the Center for Advanced Molecular Photovoltaics (CAMP) (award KUS-C1-015-21) of the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), the US Department of Energy Frontier Center at the University of Southern California (award DE-SC0001011, S.W. and M.E.T.), the US Department of Energy EERE Beyond the Horizon program (DE-FG36-08GO18022, G. W. and S.R.F.), and the Global Photonic Corporation. We also like to thank Dr. Frederico A. Rabuffetti for assistance with the TGA measurements.
This publication acknowledges KAUST support, but has no KAUST affiliated authors.
PY - 2011/11/8
Y1 - 2011/11/8
N2 - We report new derivatives of symmetric squaraine dyes with N,N-diarylanilino substituents that have high solubility and high absorptivity (ε = 0.71-4.1 ×105 M-1cm-1) in the red solar spectral region (λmax = 645-694 nm) making them promising candidates for application in organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Unsymmetrical N,N-diisobutylanilino- and N,N-diphenylanilino(diphenylamino) squaraines have also been prepared that give blue-shifted absorption spectra (λmax = 529-535 nm) relative to their symmetric counterparts. Compared to bis(N,N-diisobutylanilino)squaraine, both symmetrical and unsymmetrical N,N-diarylanilino squaraines show markedly broader absorption bands in solution than their N,N-dialkylanilino squaraine counterparts: the full width at half-maximum (fwhm) for N,N-diarylanilino squaraines range from 1280-1980 cm-1, while the fwhm value for the N,N-diisobutylanilino squarine is only 630 cm-1. The absorption bands for thin films of N,N-diarylanilino squaraines broaden further to 2500-3300 cm-1. N,N-Diarylanilino squaraines are fluorescent, albeit with lower quantum yields than bis(N,N-diisobutylanilino)squaraine (φPL = 0.02-0.66 and 0.80, respectively). OPVs were prepared with solution processed squaraine layers using the following structure: ITO/squaraine (66-85 Å)/C60 (400 Å)/BCP (100 Å)/Al (1000 Å), BCP = bathocuproine. Devices using thin films of the bis(N,N-diarylanilino)squaraines as donor layers show improved performance relative to OPVs prepared with bis(N,N-dialkylanilino) squaraines, i.e. bis(N,N-diisobutylanilino)squaraine: open-circuit voltage Voc = 0.59 ± 0.05 V, short-circuit current Jsc = 5.58 ± 0.16 mA/cm2, fill factor FF = 0.56 ± 0.03, and power conversion efficiency η = 1.8 ± 0.2% under 1 sun, AM1.5G simulated illumination, compared with bis(N,N-diphenylanilino)squaraine: V oc = 0.82 ± 0.02 V, Jsc = 6.71 ± 0.10 mA/cm2, FF = 0.59 ± 0.01, and η = 3.2 ± 0.1%. Morphological studies of thin films suggest that the solubility of bis(N,N-diarylanilino)squaraines plays an important role in controlling the optoelectronic properties of the OPVs. © 2011 American Chemical Society.
AB - We report new derivatives of symmetric squaraine dyes with N,N-diarylanilino substituents that have high solubility and high absorptivity (ε = 0.71-4.1 ×105 M-1cm-1) in the red solar spectral region (λmax = 645-694 nm) making them promising candidates for application in organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Unsymmetrical N,N-diisobutylanilino- and N,N-diphenylanilino(diphenylamino) squaraines have also been prepared that give blue-shifted absorption spectra (λmax = 529-535 nm) relative to their symmetric counterparts. Compared to bis(N,N-diisobutylanilino)squaraine, both symmetrical and unsymmetrical N,N-diarylanilino squaraines show markedly broader absorption bands in solution than their N,N-dialkylanilino squaraine counterparts: the full width at half-maximum (fwhm) for N,N-diarylanilino squaraines range from 1280-1980 cm-1, while the fwhm value for the N,N-diisobutylanilino squarine is only 630 cm-1. The absorption bands for thin films of N,N-diarylanilino squaraines broaden further to 2500-3300 cm-1. N,N-Diarylanilino squaraines are fluorescent, albeit with lower quantum yields than bis(N,N-diisobutylanilino)squaraine (φPL = 0.02-0.66 and 0.80, respectively). OPVs were prepared with solution processed squaraine layers using the following structure: ITO/squaraine (66-85 Å)/C60 (400 Å)/BCP (100 Å)/Al (1000 Å), BCP = bathocuproine. Devices using thin films of the bis(N,N-diarylanilino)squaraines as donor layers show improved performance relative to OPVs prepared with bis(N,N-dialkylanilino) squaraines, i.e. bis(N,N-diisobutylanilino)squaraine: open-circuit voltage Voc = 0.59 ± 0.05 V, short-circuit current Jsc = 5.58 ± 0.16 mA/cm2, fill factor FF = 0.56 ± 0.03, and power conversion efficiency η = 1.8 ± 0.2% under 1 sun, AM1.5G simulated illumination, compared with bis(N,N-diphenylanilino)squaraine: V oc = 0.82 ± 0.02 V, Jsc = 6.71 ± 0.10 mA/cm2, FF = 0.59 ± 0.01, and η = 3.2 ± 0.1%. Morphological studies of thin films suggest that the solubility of bis(N,N-diarylanilino)squaraines plays an important role in controlling the optoelectronic properties of the OPVs. © 2011 American Chemical Society.
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10754/598927
UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm2020803
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=80455130144&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/cm2020803
DO - 10.1021/cm2020803
M3 - Article
SN - 0897-4756
VL - 23
SP - 4789
EP - 4798
JO - Chemistry of Materials
JF - Chemistry of Materials
IS - 21
ER -