NOMA Enhanced UAV-Assisted Communication System With Non-Linear Energy Harvesting

This work investigates the performance of a laser-powered unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based hybrid wireless network consisting of a UAV-mounted base station (UAV-BS), cellular user, a low-power IoT user, and a secondary IoT network consisting of a group of multiple IoT devices. Communication among these devices takes place in two different phases. In the first phase of transmission, UAV-BS fulfills its power requirements by harvesting power from a distributed laser charging-based laser power transfer and uses non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) signaling to transmit the information to both the users. Further, in the second phase of transmission, the IoT user harvests power using power-splitting (PS) protocol and uses it to communicate with the selected IoT device, selected using a signal to interference-plus-noise ratio based selection strategy from the secondary IoT network, while the cellular user transmits uplink information to UAV-BS. We discuss the effect of non-linear energy harvesting on the performance of secondary IoT network and UAV-BS. Next, we analyze the performance of the proposed system by deriving the closed-form expressions of the outage probabilities, throughput, and ergodic capacity of both the users, the secondary IoT network, and UAV-BS. Furthermore, we find the optimal values of power coefficient and target rates that maximize the throughput of the IoT user while attaining a desired throughput for the cellular user. We also demonstrate that a judicious choice of the power allocation coefficient is essential in order to maximize the sum throughput of the system and hence the energy efficiency. Simulation results verify the accuracy of derived expressions and validate the effectiveness of proposed algorithms.