Oblique rift opening revealed by reoccurring magma injection in central Iceland

Joel Ruch, Teng Wang, Wenbin Xu, Martin Hensch, Sigurjon Jonsson

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

96 Scopus citations

Abstract

Extension deficit builds up over centuries at divergent plate boundaries and is recurrently removed during rifting events, accompanied by magma intrusions and transient metre-scale deformation. However, information on transient near-field deformation has rarely been captured, hindering progress in understanding rifting mechanisms and evolution. Here we show new evidence of oblique rift opening during a rifting event influenced by pre-existing fractures and two centuries of extension deficit accumulation. This event originated from the Bárðarbunga caldera and led to the largest basaltic eruption in Iceland in >200 years. The results show that the opening was initially accompanied by left-lateral shear that ceased with increasing opening. Our results imply that pre-existing fractures play a key role in controlling oblique rift opening at divergent plate boundaries.
Original languageEnglish (US)
JournalNature Communications
Volume7
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 5 2016

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