TY - JOUR
T1 - Self-Assembled Monolayer Dyes for Contact-Passivated and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
AU - Isikgor, Furkan H.
AU - Pradhan, Rakesh R.
AU - Zhumagali, Shynggys
AU - Maksudov, Temur
AU - Naphade, Dipti
AU - Petoukhoff, Christopher E.
AU - Khan, Jafar I.
AU - Hnapovskyi, Vladyslav
AU - Harrison, George T.
AU - Combe, Craig
AU - Liu, Jiang
AU - Marsh, Adam
AU - Alharbi, Essa A.
AU - Heeney, Martin
AU - Laquai, Frédéric
AU - Schwingenschlögl, Udo
AU - Anthopoulos, Thomas D.
AU - De Wolf, Stefaan
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Surface modification of transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) with carbazole-based self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) is an effective method toward the formation of highly efficient hole-selective contacts, enabling the fabrication of high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the lack of long-term structural and performance stability of the TCO/SAM/perovskite stack endangers the market entry of PSCs. Here, it is demonstrated that these challenges can be overcome by employing dyes as multi-functional SAMs, simultaneously facilitating charge transport, passivating interfacial defects, and acting as a “molecular adhesive” layer, preserving structural integrity of the contact stack. Particularly, the surface modification of ITO with a dye (N719) monolayer is shown to create a hole-selective contact for the fabrication of p–i–n PSCs with power conversion efficiencies reaching 24%. The N719 SAM-based PSCs have also shown superior stability compared to state-of-the-art PSCs incorporating carbazole SAMs and polyarylamine hole-selective contacts by preserving ≈90% of their initial PCE under continuous light and thermal stress tests for 1000 h. The robustness of the ITO/N719/perovskite stack is attributed to its low interfacial trap density, UV resilience and strong adhesion capability. These findings place dye SAMs as a promising alternative for improving the performance of next-generation photovoltaics.
AB - Surface modification of transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) with carbazole-based self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) is an effective method toward the formation of highly efficient hole-selective contacts, enabling the fabrication of high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the lack of long-term structural and performance stability of the TCO/SAM/perovskite stack endangers the market entry of PSCs. Here, it is demonstrated that these challenges can be overcome by employing dyes as multi-functional SAMs, simultaneously facilitating charge transport, passivating interfacial defects, and acting as a “molecular adhesive” layer, preserving structural integrity of the contact stack. Particularly, the surface modification of ITO with a dye (N719) monolayer is shown to create a hole-selective contact for the fabrication of p–i–n PSCs with power conversion efficiencies reaching 24%. The N719 SAM-based PSCs have also shown superior stability compared to state-of-the-art PSCs incorporating carbazole SAMs and polyarylamine hole-selective contacts by preserving ≈90% of their initial PCE under continuous light and thermal stress tests for 1000 h. The robustness of the ITO/N719/perovskite stack is attributed to its low interfacial trap density, UV resilience and strong adhesion capability. These findings place dye SAMs as a promising alternative for improving the performance of next-generation photovoltaics.
KW - dye
KW - hole-transport layer
KW - passivation
KW - perovskite solar cells
KW - self-assembled monolayer
KW - stability
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85209826532&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/aenm.202402630
DO - 10.1002/aenm.202402630
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85209826532
SN - 1614-6832
VL - 15
JO - Advanced Energy Materials
JF - Advanced Energy Materials
IS - 1
M1 - 2402630
ER -