TY - JOUR
T1 - Structural aspects, mechanisms and emerging prospects of Gemini surfactant-based alternative Enhanced Oil Recovery technology: A review
AU - Pal, Nilanjan
AU - Hoteit, Hussein
AU - Mandal, Ajay
N1 - KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2021-08-06
Acknowledgements: The authors gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance provided by the Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia and Department of Petroleum Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, India. Figures from other works have been reused with permissions from corresponding references.
PY - 2021/6/30
Y1 - 2021/6/30
N2 - The design and development of chemical routes with fascinating physicochemical attributes comprise a major field of research in enhanced oil recovery (EOR). ‘Dimerization’ depicts a novel way to control structural assemblies and physicochemical properties, to achieve marked improvements in the chemical EOR process, and strategize oil recovery performance. There are immense possibilities for the diversification of gemini surfactant structure, which essentially consists of two identical or distinct amphiphilic units linked with a spacer group. Gemini surfactant molecules possess significantly lower critical micelle concentration (CMC) as compared to their monomeric counterparts, owing to their ability to self-aggregate at low dosages. Gemini surfactants exhibit a uniquely stable micellar structure, favorable interfacial behavior, rock-wetting character, viscoelasticity and cost-profitability. Gemini surfactant-assisted EOR solutions are expected to provide enhanced stability in comparison to conventional fluids, with the added advantage of minor operating investments and significant returns for petroleum producing companies. Gemini surfactants form an intermediary between conventional surfactants and polymeric materials, with desirable traits of both kinds of chemicals. Mechanisms associated with gemini surfactant-assisted EOR have been reported. In this review, the status, developmental trends and prospects of gemini (dimeric) surfactants, with respect to the needs of the petroleum industry have been elaborated. Though gemini surfactants have been used in numerous sectors, their application in EOR has been limited owing to unfamiliarity and commercial unavailability. Prospective gemini surfactant systems have been discussed herein to identify technical risks, calibrate reservoir simulation models, contribute to environmental responsibility and develop operating strategies to improve oil recovery/economics.
AB - The design and development of chemical routes with fascinating physicochemical attributes comprise a major field of research in enhanced oil recovery (EOR). ‘Dimerization’ depicts a novel way to control structural assemblies and physicochemical properties, to achieve marked improvements in the chemical EOR process, and strategize oil recovery performance. There are immense possibilities for the diversification of gemini surfactant structure, which essentially consists of two identical or distinct amphiphilic units linked with a spacer group. Gemini surfactant molecules possess significantly lower critical micelle concentration (CMC) as compared to their monomeric counterparts, owing to their ability to self-aggregate at low dosages. Gemini surfactants exhibit a uniquely stable micellar structure, favorable interfacial behavior, rock-wetting character, viscoelasticity and cost-profitability. Gemini surfactant-assisted EOR solutions are expected to provide enhanced stability in comparison to conventional fluids, with the added advantage of minor operating investments and significant returns for petroleum producing companies. Gemini surfactants form an intermediary between conventional surfactants and polymeric materials, with desirable traits of both kinds of chemicals. Mechanisms associated with gemini surfactant-assisted EOR have been reported. In this review, the status, developmental trends and prospects of gemini (dimeric) surfactants, with respect to the needs of the petroleum industry have been elaborated. Though gemini surfactants have been used in numerous sectors, their application in EOR has been limited owing to unfamiliarity and commercial unavailability. Prospective gemini surfactant systems have been discussed herein to identify technical risks, calibrate reservoir simulation models, contribute to environmental responsibility and develop operating strategies to improve oil recovery/economics.
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10754/670438
UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S016773222101535X
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85111026501&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116811
DO - 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116811
M3 - Article
SN - 0167-7322
SP - 116811
JO - Journal of Molecular Liquids
JF - Journal of Molecular Liquids
ER -