Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Heavy Metals from Fly Ash

Christof Kersch; Geert F. Woerlee; Geert J. Witkamp

doi:10.1021/ie030114u

Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Heavy Metals from Fly Ash

Christof Kersch^*, Geert F. Woerlee, Geert J. Witkamp

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

44 Scopus citations

Abstract

Currently expensive measures for disposal of fly ash residues from coal-fired power plants (CFP) or from municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWI) are required to prevent the pollution of groundwater with water leachable metals. For the reuse in road pavement as a substitute for sand- or cement-stabilized subbases, only a minimal leachability of metals is allowed by national legislation. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is a promising method to lower the leachable metal content of fly ash to such an extent that the legal demands are obeyed. This paper presents results of SFE with SC-CO ₂ from fly ash of both CFP and MSWI for Zn, Pb, Mn, Cd, Cu, V, Sb, Ni, Mo, Cr, and Co. Extraction from 2 kg of fly ash was carried out with a 12 L rotating extraction vessel, a constant solvent flow, and various complexing extractants. Depending on the metal, extraction efficiencies from 0 to 98% were obtained. The positive influence of time and initial moisture content was demonstrated for SFE with Cyanex 302. SFE with equimolar mixtures of TBP-D ₂EHPA resulted in synergistic effects for Pb and Cu, while extraction of Zn was insignificantly low with TBP, D₂EHPA, or a mixture of TBP-D₂EHPA.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	190-196
Number of pages	7
Journal	Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research
Volume	43
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/ie030114u
State	Published - Jan 7 2004
Externally published	Yes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Chemistry
General Chemical Engineering
Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

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10.1021/ie030114u

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abstract = "Currently expensive measures for disposal of fly ash residues from coal-fired power plants (CFP) or from municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWI) are required to prevent the pollution of groundwater with water leachable metals. For the reuse in road pavement as a substitute for sand- or cement-stabilized subbases, only a minimal leachability of metals is allowed by national legislation. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is a promising method to lower the leachable metal content of fly ash to such an extent that the legal demands are obeyed. This paper presents results of SFE with SC-CO 2 from fly ash of both CFP and MSWI for Zn, Pb, Mn, Cd, Cu, V, Sb, Ni, Mo, Cr, and Co. Extraction from 2 kg of fly ash was carried out with a 12 L rotating extraction vessel, a constant solvent flow, and various complexing extractants. Depending on the metal, extraction efficiencies from 0 to 98% were obtained. The positive influence of time and initial moisture content was demonstrated for SFE with Cyanex 302. SFE with equimolar mixtures of TBP-D 2EHPA resulted in synergistic effects for Pb and Cu, while extraction of Zn was insignificantly low with TBP, D2EHPA, or a mixture of TBP-D2EHPA.",

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AU - Witkamp, Geert J.

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Y1 - 2004/1/7

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AB - Currently expensive measures for disposal of fly ash residues from coal-fired power plants (CFP) or from municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWI) are required to prevent the pollution of groundwater with water leachable metals. For the reuse in road pavement as a substitute for sand- or cement-stabilized subbases, only a minimal leachability of metals is allowed by national legislation. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is a promising method to lower the leachable metal content of fly ash to such an extent that the legal demands are obeyed. This paper presents results of SFE with SC-CO 2 from fly ash of both CFP and MSWI for Zn, Pb, Mn, Cd, Cu, V, Sb, Ni, Mo, Cr, and Co. Extraction from 2 kg of fly ash was carried out with a 12 L rotating extraction vessel, a constant solvent flow, and various complexing extractants. Depending on the metal, extraction efficiencies from 0 to 98% were obtained. The positive influence of time and initial moisture content was demonstrated for SFE with Cyanex 302. SFE with equimolar mixtures of TBP-D 2EHPA resulted in synergistic effects for Pb and Cu, while extraction of Zn was insignificantly low with TBP, D2EHPA, or a mixture of TBP-D2EHPA.

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Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Heavy Metals from Fly Ash

Abstract

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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