Abstract
Removal of phage MS2 in drinking water by pre-coagulation and filtration through ultrafiltration (UF) and microfiltration (MF) membranes was investigated in a laboratory test unit. Two commercial aluminium-based coagulants (ALG and PAX) were used. The low (≤1-30 pfu/mL) numbers of infective virus detected in permeates show that pre-coagulation/flocculation in combination with both loose UF and MF membrane filtration was an effective hygienic barrier against MS2 virus. Without pre-coagulation/flocculation, no (MF) or only a minor (UF) virus removal was observed. The two coagulants provided high virus removal efficiencies (>7.4 logs) after UF and MF membrane filtration using doses of 5 mg Al/L. Reducing the dose of coagulants to 3 mg Al/L had only a small effect on the removal efficiency, which remained high after UF membrane filtration, and ALG/MF membrane filtration (>7.1 logs). The virus removal obtained with PAX (3 mg Al/L) and MF membrane filtration was slightly less (6.7 logs) than for the other conditions. Combined removal of virus and colour by pre-coagulation/flocculation and MF membrane filtration was also investigated. The low concentrations of both virus and colour in the permeate indicate that low-pressure MF filtration in combination with pre-coagulation/flocculation is a potential efficient technology for removal of virus and colour in drinking water.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 364-371 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Journal of Membrane Science |
| Volume | 279 |
| Issue number | 1-2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Aug 1 2006 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Coagulation
- Colour
- Drinking water
- UF/MF membrane filtration
- Virus
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biochemistry
- General Materials Science
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- Filtration and Separation