@article{cc8e86c429264b44835807a5becacfa6,
title = "The effect of food on the determination of sex ratio in Calanus spp.: Evidence from experimental studies and field data",
abstract = "The effect of food concentration on the sex ratio in Calanus spp. has been investigated in laboratory and mesocosm experiments. The results of the experiments are compared with time series in the field and with physiological rates. The food concentration and quality had an effect on the sex ratio of adult Calanus, with higher percentages of males obtained with increased food concentration. Laboratory experiments and field time series suggest that sex can still change at stage CIII-CIV, but is determined at stage CV. The energy budget of males was very unbalanced, suggesting that the shorter lifespan often reported could be due to exhaustion of lipid stores.",
keywords = "Calanus spp., Copepods, Sex ratio",
author = "X. Irigoien and B. Oberm{\"u}ller and Head, {R. N.} and Harris, {R. P.} and C. Rey and Hansen, {B. W.} and Hygum, {B. H.} and Heath, {M. R.} and Durbin, {E. G.}",
note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by the Trans-Atlantic Study of Calanus (TASC) programme (MAS3 CT95-0039). Thanks for help, comments, and advice to C. Svensen, C. B. Miller, and an anonymous reviewer. We are grateful to those who collected samples in different areas during the TASC programme, especially O. S. Astthorsson, A. Gislason, H. Petursdottir, H. Gudfinnsson, S. Skreslet, K. Olsen, W. Melle, and E. Gaard. The field data were obtained from TASC and US GLOBEC Georges Bank databases. BO was supported by the Carl Duisberg Gesellschaft e.v. through the {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}Jorg Mittelsten Scheid{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright} programme.",
year = "2000",
doi = "10.1006/jmsc.2000.0960",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "57",
pages = "1752--1763",
journal = "ICES Journal of Marine Science",
issn = "1054-3139",
publisher = "OXFORD UNIV PRESS",
number = "6",
}