Time-Lapse Pore-Scale Assessment of Layer-to-Layer Spontaneous Imbibition

Spontaneous imbibition is a fundamental flow mechanism that plays a significant role in oil extraction from subsurface reservoirs. Understanding the imbibition behavior, which is driven by capillarity relative to the interfacial forces between the immiscible fluids within the porous media, is essential for designing and optimizing IOR/EOR recovery schemes. Conventional lab experiments with Amott cell ( Figure 1 ), which is commonly used to quantify the oil recovery behavior from a core plug, do not replicate the actual field conditions, where imbibition occurs within the porous media, i.e., from layer to layer ( Figure 2 ). The poor representation of field case conditions may underestimate the full potential of the imbibition mechanism. In this study, we propose a new method to complement the conventional method by providing insights on the spontaneous imbibition behavior from layer to layer, mimicking cross-flow between reservoir layers. Computed Tomography Scan (CT scan) equipment was employed for this purpose. The new method should complement the current Amott cell method to enhance the construction of the production curves. The use of micro-CT and time-lapse in-situ imaging facilitates visualizing and quantifying rock-to-rock imbibition within heterogeneous porous media, which cannot be achieved with the conventional methods.