Visible-light-driven photoelectrocatalytic activation of chloride by nanoporous MoS₂@BiVO₄ photoanode for enhanced degradation of bisphenol A

The massive emission of bisphenol A (BPA) has imposed adverse effects on both ecosystems and human health. Herein, nanoporous MoS₂@BiVO₄ photoanodes were fabricated on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates for photoelectrocatalytic degradation of BPA. The photocurrent density of the optimized photoanode (MoS₂-3@BiVO₄) was 5.4 times as that of BiVO₄ photoanode at 1.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl under visible light illumination, which was ascribed to the reduced recombination of photogenerated charge carriers of the well-designed hybrid structure. 10 ppm of BPA could be completely degraded in 75 min by MoS₂-3@BiVO₄ photoanode, with a bias of 1.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl and 100 mM of NaCl as the supporting electrolyte. The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and free radicals scavenging experiments confirmed that chlorine oxide radical (•ClO) played a dominant role in the degradation of BPA. 14 intermediates were detected and identified during photoelectrocatalytic degradation of BPA by MoS₂-3@BiVO₄ photoanode and 3 pathways were proposed based on the above intermediates. The hybrid film exhibited high stability and reusability, and promising application potential in photoelectrocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in aqueous solution.